Fecha de publicación: -- Fuente: PubMed "olive oil" J Ethnopharmacol. 2026 Sep 29;374(Pt 1):122449. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2026.122449. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Calliandra portoricensis (Jacq.) Benth. is used in the ethnomedicine of southwestern Nigeria in treating epilepsy, convulsion, pain, inflammatory disorders, fever and other neurological conditions. However, its neuroprotective potential has not been adequately investigated.AIM OF THE STUDY: This study evaluated the neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuromodulatory effects of Calliandra portoricensis root bark ethanol extract (CPRBEE) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced neurotoxicity in male Wistar rats.MATERIALS AND METHODS: CPRBEE was characterized using phytochemical screening and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirty-five male Wistar rats were randomly allotted to seven groups (n = 5). Neurotoxicity was induced with CCl4 (1.3 mL/kg; 3:10 v/v in olive oil). Following induction, rats received vitamin C (200 mg/kg) or CPRBEE (10, 20, 30, and 40 mg/kg). Neurobehavioral performance, oxidative stress biomarkers, acetylcholinesterase activity, inflammatory cytokines, neuronal injury markers, trace metal concentrations, Nrf2, HO-1, NF-κB, BDNF concentrations, and histopathological changes were evaluated.RESULTS: GC-MS analysis tentatively annotated several phytochemicals, including phytol, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, squalene, and a vitamin E (tocopherol derivative) peak consistent with α-tocopherol. CCl4 exposure significantly increased lipid peroxidation, acetylcholinesterase activity, pro-inflammatory cytokines, NSE, GFAP, and NF-κB concentrations, while reducing antioxidant defenses, Nrf2, HO-1, and BDNF concentrations (p < 0.05). CPRBEE attenuated these alterations, improved behavioural performance, partially restored trace-element profiles, and reduced histopathological alterations, with the magnitude of effects varying across biomarkers and treatment levels.CONCLUSION: CPRBEE demonstrated neuroprotective activity against CCl4-induced neurotoxicity, potentially through attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation while preserving antioxidant and neurotrophic defenses, supporting its traditional applications.PMID:42810462 | DOI:10.1016/j.jep.2026.122449