Fuente: PubMed "olive oil" Ren Fail. 2026 Dec;48(1):2685372. doi: 10.1080/0886022X.2026.2685372. Epub 2026 Jul 27.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the primary microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), contributing to chronic kidney disease, and end-stage renal failure. More than 247,000 individuals develop renal failure due to DM. Mediterranean diet (MD) associated with cardiometabolic benefits and potential renal protective effects, however, its relationship on the onset and progression of DN remains unclear.OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between adherence to the MD and the onset and progression of DN.METHODS: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A comprehensive search was performed in PUBMED, EBSCO host and SCOPUS databases. Studies including adults with hyperglycemia, DM, or DN, regardless of comorbidities, examining adherence to the MD and renal outcomes. Methodological integrity was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and Jadad Scale. Due to heterogeneity across studies, results were synthesized narratively.RESULTS: Six studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies demonstrated that higher adherence to the MD was associated with a lower risk or odds of DN, particularly among individuals with DM. Reported associations ranged from 21% to 86%, depending on adherence level and study design. Two studies found no statistically significant associations (p > 0.05).LIMITATIONS: The small number of studies, their predominantly observational design, and geographic concentration limit the generalizability and preclude causal inference.CONCLUSION: Higher adherence to the MD appears to be associated with a lower risk of DN; however, current evidence remains limited and insufficient to draw conclusions regarding causality or disease progression. Further high-quality studies are required.PMID:42508971 | PMC:PMC13410535 | DOI:10.1080/0886022X.2026.2685372