Fuente: PubMed "wine" Molecules. 2026 Mar 17;31(6):1004. doi: 10.3390/molecules31061004.ABSTRACTThe authentication of wines with Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) status is a key requirement for quality assurance, traceability, and consumer trust, particularly in traditional wine-producing regions such as the Douro Demarcated Region (Portugal). Among the certification criteria, the reliable identification of grape varieties remains technically challenging, especially when rapid and non-destructive analytical approaches are required. In this study, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy coupled with chemometric analysis was evaluated as a rapid screening approach for the differentiation of monovarietal Douro wines produced under standardized microvinification conditions. Twenty-one monovarietal wines were analyzed using mid-infrared spectra (1800-1000 cm-1) and classification models were developed using Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA). The PLS-DA models showed preliminary discriminatory capacity, with apparent error rates of 10.2% for calibration and 19.3% under leave-one-out cross-validation. The results indicate that FTIR-ATR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics captures chemically relevant spectral variability associated with grape varietal differences and shows potential as a rapid exploratory screening approach within PDO traceability frameworks. Although the study is based on a limited number of biological replicates from a single vintage and sub-region, the findings provide a methodological baseline for future multi-vintage and multi-region investigations aimed at consolidating FTIR-based approaches for varietal authentication of Douro wines.PMID:41900103 | PMC:PMC13028719 | DOI:10.3390/molecules31061004