Fuente: WIPO "tomato" Provided herein are methods for preventing an mpox virus infection, reducing the effects of an mpox virus infection, or inducing a protective immune response against an mpox virus in a subject, such as a human, comprising administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising a modified vaccinia Ankara viral vector encoding programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitory peptide LD10 (MVA-LD10).