Fuente: WIPO "tomato" An automatic cleaning apparatus, includes: a mobile platform; a cleaning module, provided at bottom of the mobile platform for cleaning an operation surface on a travelling path of the automatic cleaning apparatus; a light emitting assembly, provided on a bottom surface of the mobile platform and configured to emit light signals within a predetermined angle range towards a direction of the operation surface; a light receiving assembly, including a spectrum acquisition unit and configured to receive light signals reflected from the operation surface and generate spectral information based on the operation surface; and a control system configured to determine at least one of a material or a stain category of the operation surface based at least on the spectral information, and control, based on at least one of the material or stain category of the operation surface, the cleaning module to clean the operation surface.