Improvements in and relating to stable emulsions of water with liquid or liquefiablesubstances which are immiscible with water, and to preparations comprising the same,and to methods of making the said emulsions and preparations, and to applications ofthe said emulsions and preparations, and to articles of manufacture, or structures, when comprising, or treated with, the said emulsions or preparations

Fuente: WIPO "olive oil"
Activated gelatinous alumina for use as an emulsifying agent is obtained by subjecting gelatinous alumina obtained for example by precipitation in known manner to the following treatment: (1) the precipitate and the associated solutions are boiled for a short time and the precipitate is then separated, mixed with water and allowed to ripen for two or three days or more. The mixture may be ripened as a paste or cream, preferably in the atmosphere and in sunlight, or it may be ripened under water, which may be replaced intermittently or continuously. The product may be evaporated, e.g. at about 50 DEG C., until its water content is from 15-97,5 per cent; (2) the gelatinous precipitate is rapidly matured by exposure to ultra-violet light or to direct sunlight; (3) the gelatinous precipitate is maintained in contact with boiling water for several hours. The activated product is preferably maintained in a moist condition during storage. It forms stable emulsions of liquids or readily-liquefiable organic substances of all kinds, particularly those of acid reaction, which form water-in-oil emulsions. The emulsions are obtained by agitation with the gelatinous activated alumina (in an amount of 0,5-2,5 per cent dry weight calculated on the weight of the liquid emulsified) which may or may not be diluted with water. A concentrated emulsion may first be made and then diluted. Mixtures of liquids may be emulsified together, or separately and then mixed, or one liquid may be emulsified and the others added, together with additional emulsifying agent if required. Protective colloids may be added. Examples describe emulsions for the following purposes: Cosmetic and toilet preparations, including vanishing, skin and like creams, tonics, lipstick and rouge salves, hair tonics and fixatives, deodorants, nail polishes and dentifrices. The emulsions may contain one or more of the following: benzoinated lard, almond oil, lanoline, wool fat, glycerine, liquid paraffin, petroleum jelly, mutton fat, paraffin wax, castor oil, olive oil, coconut oil, and salicylic acid. Fillers, e.g. talcum, kaolin, starch, gum tragacanth or additional activated alumina; colouring matter and perfumes, e.g. oil of lemon, oil of wintergreen, oil of peppermint, phenol, menthol and other materials, e.g. aluminium chloride, magnesium oxide, calcium phosphate or calcium carbonate may also be present. Insecticide and like vermin-destroying compositions, disinfectants, preservatives and animal foods. The products may contain one or more of the following: paraffin oil, benzine, kerosene, nicotine oleate, copper oleate, arsenic oleate, mercury oleate, Bordeaux mixture, terebene, Friar's balsam, paraffin wax; carbon tetrachloride, cotton-seed oil, carbolic oil, oil of turpentine, camphor, olive oil, cresylic acid, naphthalene, linseed oil, phenol, fish oil, tar oil, olive oil and carbon bisulphide, to which may be added iodine, wormwood, tansy, aloes, oil of penny royal or oil of lavender. Emulsions for animal foods contain cod liver oil, fish oil, shark oil, with calcium chloride or milk. Medicines and other pharmaceutical preparations, for both internal and external use. They contain one or more of the following substances in the emulsified form: liquid paraffin, olive oil, castor oil, carbon tetrachloride, halibut oil, cod liver oil, menthol, camphor, eucalyptus oil, creosote, oil of turpentine, oil of wintergreen. Other agents such as lime water, extract of sarsaparilla may be added. Emulsions of wood and coal distillates, oleates, chloroform, esters and natural or synthetic resins are also referred to. Foods, flavourings, sweetmeats and cooking media. (1) Pastry is made by mixing flour and salt with butter or margarine previously emulsified with aqueous activated gelatinous alumina. (2) Mayonnaise dressing is made by adding salt and other condiments to beaten egg yolk, then sweetened condensed milk and finally olive oil emulsified with aqueous activated ge