Fuente: Broccoli Byproducts Extraction Brassica species from the Brassicaceae family are important agricultural plants, including mustard, cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, and kale, along with rapeseed, and they receive widespread cultivation throughout the world. The phytochemical content of Brassica species consists of glucosinolates together with polyphenols and flavonoids and carotenoids and alkaloids and tannins and phytosterols and vitamins C and E, and essential minerals, which together create their functional properties. Biomedical applications such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties of the Brassica species play a vital role in nutraceuticals and functional foods in daily life. Nowadays, researchers focus more on the increasing applications of natural resources like seaweed extracts and chitosan-based agricultural products to increase the quality parameters of phytochemicals in agricultural crops, which help to improve healthcare applications. In this chapter, we discussed the phytochemicals and biomedical applications of Brassica species. Furthermore, we highlighted the role of natural resources in enhancing the development of Brassica species for sustainable agriculture.