Fuente: Agri-Waste and Microbes for Production of Sustainable Nanomaterials This chapter explores the ethical concerns and limitations of using nanotechnology to deliver genetic engineering in agriculture and food systems. Nanotechnology can improve gene delivery methods, such as CRISPR/Cas9, by making them more efficient and precise, helping crops become more resilient to pests, drought, and environmental stress. However, this technology also raises significant ethical issues, including potential risks to human health, the environment, and biodiversity. Topics discussed include public acceptance, equity in access to nanotechnology, respect for cultural and religious values, and concerns about long-term effects on food security. The chapter also highlights scientific and technical challenges, such as potential toxicity, environmental accumulation of nanoparticles, and unknown long-term impacts. Regulatory and policy gaps are examined, showing the need for stronger global frameworks to ensure safe use. And while nano-enabled genetic engineering holds promise for sustainable agriculture, it must be used responsibly. Future research should focus on understanding risks, improving safety, and ensuring fair access for all communities. Ethical and ecological considerations must guide technology development to avoid harm and ensure benefits are shared equitably across societies.