Fuente: Biomolecules - Revista científica (MDPI) Biomolecules, Vol. 16, Pages 532: Role of Renal Dopamine Receptors in the Regulation of Blood Pressure
Biomolecules doi: 10.3390/biom16040532
Authors:
Jian Yang
Pedro A. Jose

Hypertension continues to be a major global public health challenge. Dopamine generated in the kidney is a vital coordinator of sodium homeostasis and blood pressure control. Dopamine exerts its effects by activating its receptors, which are divided into the D1-like receptor family (D1R and D5R) and the D2-like receptor family (D2R, D3R, and D4R). All five dopamine receptor subtypes are differentially expressed along the nephron. Dopamine receptors inhibit the activities and/or expression of renal tubular sodium transporters/exchangers/channels, decrease renal oxidative stress, and interact with other receptors, including angiotensin II receptors. Many studies have demonstrated that renal dopamine receptors play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure. The germline deletion or renal-selective silencing of any of the five dopamine receptor subtypes may impair sodium excretion and increase blood pressure. In addition, renal dopamine receptor expression and/or function are regulated by some factors such as G protein-coupled receptor kinases, oxidative stress, and sorting nexins. In this article, we summarize the role of each dopamine receptor subtype in the pathogenesis of hypertension and discuss the potential regulatory mechanisms of their expression and function. These may lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches to the prevention and treatment of hypertension.