Fuente: Microorganisms - Revista científica (MDPI) Microorganisms, Vol. 14, Pages 1202: Enhanced Efficacy of Rhizosphere Microorganisms and Green Compounds: A Dual-Action Strategy Against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in Pinus massoniana
Microorganisms doi: 10.3390/microorganisms14061202
Authors:
Jiacheng Zhu
Yi Dang
Xiaoming Ren
Long Xu
Yilong Zhou
Guoying Zhou
Junang Liu

Effective and sustainable control strategies for pine wilt disease, caused by the pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus), are urgently needed, as reliance on conventional chemical nematicides faces increasing limitations. In this study, a new kind of integrated approach is proposed. It pairs microbial fermentation filtrates with the green chemicals arecoline and sodium silicate. The filtrates were obtained from bacterial and fungal strains that were had isolated from Pinus massoniana rhizosphere soil. The nematicidal efficacy of individual and combined treatments was evaluated in vitro, while their ability to induce systemic resistance in P. massoniana seedlings was assessed through defense enzyme assays, malondialdehyde (MDA) content measurement, and defense-related gene expression analysis. Results identified several highly effective combinations, particularly arecoline plus CSZ33 and sodium silicate plus CSUFT-F23, which achieved over 72% control efficacy. These formulations not only showed direct toxicity but also significantly enhanced the plant’s antioxidant capacity and upregulated key defense genes. Furthermore, untargeted metabolomics linked these effects to specific bioactive metabolites in the fermentation filtrates, such as D-glutamic acid. This work demonstrates that hybrid bio-chemical formulations can successfully merge immediate pathogen suppression with long-term host resistance priming, offering a promising, sustainable strategy for the integrated management of pine wilt disease.