Fuente: Molecules - Revista científica (MDPI) Molecules, Vol. 31, Pages 816: Enzymatic Degumming of Arachidonic Acid Oil Using Immobilized Phospholipase A1 on Hollow Double-Layer Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
Molecules doi: 10.3390/molecules31050816
Authors:
Xuefeng Li
Wenlong Yuan
Lin Mei
Yufei Zhang
Lei Ping
Mingming Zheng
Shengjiao Yu
Xi Du
Jun Wei

This study explores the application of immobilized phospholipase A1 (PLA1) on hollow double-layer mesoporous silica nanoparticles (PLA1@NH2/C8-HdlMS) for the degumming of crude arachidonic acid (ARA) oil for the first time. The immobilized enzyme was comprehensively characterized, and the reaction conditions were optimized via single-factor experiments. Under the optimized conditions (enzyme dosage 0.3% w/w, 35 °C, water addition 3%, and reaction time 90 min), PLA1@NH2/C8-HdlMS achieved a remarkable phosphorus removal rate of 97.9%, reducing the phosphorus content from 441.21 mg/kg to 9.29 mg/kg in 90 min (well below the food-grade standard of <10 mg/kg). The fatty acid composition of the oil remained almost unchanged, while the oxidative induction time of the degummed oil significantly improved by 42%. Notably, PLA1@NH2/C8-HdlMS demonstrated broad applicability across crude oils, with initial phosphorus contents ranging from 294.98 mg/kg to 537.44 mg/kg, and it maintained ~93% of its initial activity after 11 reuse cycles. Compared to traditional hydration degumming (with a phosphorus removal rate of 56.3%), this enzymatic method offers superior efficiency at lower temperatures, minimizing energy consumption and the thermal degradation of ARA. This green, efficient, and sustainable method for degumming heat-sensitive oils offers significant potential for the industrial application of high-quality functional oils by preserving PUFA integrity and reducing environmental impact.