Fuente: WIPO "sustainability" The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural water resource management, and discloses an underground water sustainability assessment method and device, computer equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, calculating underground water reserves based on GRACE data and GLDAS data; s2, calculating a groundwater drought index according to groundwater reserves; s3, evaluating the sustainability of the underground water based on the drought index of the underground water; and S4, evaluating the contribution of each driving factor to the sustainable change of the underground water. According to the method, regional underground water exploitation is reasonably planned by scientifically and reasonably evaluating the regional underground water sustainability condition, in addition, main driving factors influencing underground water sustainability can be clearly influenced by evaluating contributions of all the driving factors to underground water sustainable changes, sustainable development and utilization of underground water resources are facilitated, and the economic benefit is increased. The method is of great significance to agricultural production and water resource management.