DEVELOPMENT OF A PRECISION, RESOURCE-EFFICIENT HARVESTING SYSTEM

Fuente: Wipo "precision farming"
With the help of precision equipment, we optimize the quantity and quality of harvest for cost optimization and the sustainability of agriculture. Within the framework of our project, an optimized harvesting methodology with technical and logistical descriptions will be finalized, which will enable more efficient resource use, minimize soil degradation associated with compaction, and make production more sustainable. Patent claims: 1.) Development of a precision, resource-efficient harvesting system Especially during the autumn harvest season, adverse weather conditions also make harvesting difficult. This has an adverse effect on the efficiency of work on the one hand and on the quality of the harvested crop on the other. Emptying combine harvesters stationary accounts for 20-25 % of total working time for cereals. Taking into account other literature sources, the rate of work using stationary emptying was 50-55% (about 4-4.5 hours). In the case of on-the-go emptying, harvest emptying time ratio increased by 30-40% (5.3-5.8 hours). This is due to the fact that the combine did not go out to the edge of the field to empty (3-5% increase), significantly reduced idle time with full seed tanks, and the operation of harvesting and emptying appeared in one go. With the help of on-the-go emptying, the area harvested at the optimal time could be increased by 30-40% for maize. A further increase in efficiency is achieved by using a machine synchronization system between combine harvesters and transport vehicles on the field (transfer trucks). The machine synchronization system sends an alarm to the tractor taking into account the fullness of the core tank of the combine, directing it to a specific location within the field, taking into account the predetermined routes. At the predetermined "unloading point", synchronization between the two machines begins. The combine continues to harvest, in addition to giving the operator the opportunity to control the speed of the tractor. During the on-the-go emptying, the two machines travel on the same track, so the possibility of emptying to the wrong spot - generation loss - is eliminated. The machine synchronization system operates at speeds between 0.5 and 16 km/h, hence it can cover the harvest of the entire crop range. The combine harvester can see the filling status of the transfer trolley with the help of the camera system mounted on the delivery auger, with the help of which we are also able to optimize the filling status of the transfer truck. With the help of the application of the system, time, fuel and unnecessary soil compaction are avoided. The utilisation of transport vehicles is also improving, which also means a reduction in the necessary logistical capacity. Modem harvesters are equipped with a high-efficiency swath adapter. Taking these into account, by-product harvesting (baling) can also be carried out with high speed and area performance. Precision harvesting also includes a technological development which records the weight and position of bales to be collected, which makes it possible to optimize the logistics operation during loading.