Fuente: WIPO "varroa" A system for monitoring the health of bee colonies comprises: (a) a detector array (2) configured to acquire, preferably in real-time, measurement data from inside a beehive in the form of at least one parameter selected from the following group: the concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOC), the concentration of nitrogen compounds (NOX), gas resistance (GR), preferably at least two parameters selected from the following group: the concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOC), the concentration of nitrogen compounds (NOX), gas resistance (GR), and most preferably all three above-mentioned parameters, (b) a communication module (3); (c) a satellite data transmission module (4); (d) a machine learning module (5); (e) a map generation module (9) for indicating the probability of occurrence of a threat from a given pathogen; and (f) a data processing module (12) configured for the detection of health anomalies. The application also covers a method for monitoring the health of bee colonies.