Fuente: PubMed "pollination" J Hazard Mater. 2026 May 24;513:142448. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.142448. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThis study investigates the toxicological effects of Triflumezopyrim (TRF), a novel mesoionic insecticide, on two closely related honey bee species, Apis mellifera and Apis cerana. In acute oral toxicity assays, A. cerana exhibited a lower LC50 value (3.413 mg/L) compared to A. mellifera (17.495 mg/L), indicating approximately 5-fold higher sensitivity to TRF. Transcriptomic analysis revealed differential gene expression patterns related to detoxification, neurotransmission, and immune responses between A. mellifera and A. cerana following TRF exposure, suggesting potential differences in molecular responses that require further validation. A. mellifera displayed enhanced cytochrome P450 and UGT expression, which likely contribute to its higher tolerance, while A. cerana showed obvious downregulation of genes involved in neurotransmission and immune function. Additionally, sublethal TRF exposure caused an initial oxidative imbalance, as indicated by significantly upregulated P450 activity in A. mellifera but a strong reduction in A. cerana, while GST activity was significantly upregulated in both species, alongside decreased GSH levels and reduced LPO, suggesting that different antioxidant and detoxification responses may occur in the two species after TRF exposure. Moreover, the downregulation of neurotransmission related genes (i.e., ACHE, GAD, and GLS) indicated the disruption of synaptic transmission in A. cerana. Consistent with the molecular differences, both the two honey bees exhibited reduced climbing ability and sucrose responsiveness after chronic TRF exposure, with the effects being more pronounced in A. cerana. These laboratory-based hazard identification findings reveal the differential susceptibility of A. mellifera and A. cerana to TRF under controlled conditions, providing foundational data for future refinements of pollinator hazard assessment protocols in regions where both species coexist.PMID:42202517 | DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.142448