The invention provides a method for identifying the honey of Apis cerana and the honey of Apis mellifera. The method achieves the purpose of identifying the two kinds of honey based on the differenceof alkane components in the two kinds of honey. Honey samples are extracted with petroleum ether and then detected via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; and detection results show that the alkanecomponents of the honey of Apis cerana and the honey of Apis mellifera are different, the honey of Apis cerana contains C37 alkanes, and the honey of Apis mellifera contains C31 alkanes. It is confirmed that the component difference is only related to bee species after detection and analysis of a large number of samples, and the influence of plant sources on identification is excluded. The differential alkane components are stable in honey and are not affected by concentration processing and shelf life. The method of the invention is reasonable in design, convenient, quick and accurate in identification, and is applicable to both the identification of the sources of raw honey and commercial bee species and the identification of the honey of Apis cerana blended with a certain proportion ofthe honey of Apis mellifera.