The invention discloses a device and method for preventing and treating a sacbrood disease of apis cerana. The device comprises a hive and a cover, wherein the top of the hive is open; and the cover is used for sealing the top of the hive. The device is characterized in that the inside of the hive is divided into a left region and a right region through a trophallaxis partition plate; a pluralityof air vents are formed in the trophallaxis partition plate; the inner diameter of each air vent is below 2 mm; hive doors are further arranged on the left region and the right region; the thickness of the trophallaxis partition plate is 12 mm or above; and the hive door arranged on the left region and the hive door arranged on the right region are not on the same side. By the device and method, the sacbrood disease of the apis cerana can be effectively prevented and treated.