The invention discloses a cultivation management method for improving photosynthesis of flue-cured tobacco seedlings under lead and cadmium stress. The cultivation management method comprises the following steps of applying silicon fertilizer in a tobacco field with lead and cadmium exceeding the standard according to the dosage of 154-308 kg/mu for pre-intervention before planting the seedlings;transplanting the tobacco seedlings into a land parcel treated in the step A, and watering and rooting; and applying silicon fertilizer according to the dosage of 66-132 kg/mu for intervention 15-20 days after the seedlings are transplanted. According to the cultivation management method, a proper amount of silicon fertilizer is applied to the land parcel with the lead and the cadmium exceeding the standard for pre-intervention before transplanting, and then the silicon fertilizer is continuously applied for intervention after transplanting, so that the problem that the photosynthesis of the flue-cured tobacco seedlings is inhibited in a lead and cadmium stress environment is effectively solved, the net photosynthetic rate of the seedlings can be remarkably increased, healthy growth of tobaccos is promoted, and a solid foundation is laid for improving the yield and quality of tobacco leaves.