Fecha de publicación: -- Fuente: Journal of applied polymer Lugar: RESEARCH ARTICLE A furan-based benzoxazine made from furfurylamine, paraformaldehyde, and piceol, Bz-FA-HA, is presented. Piceol is a biobased phenolic compound derived from the roots of Norwegian spruce with a methyl ketone group in the -para position. The high processability, advanced mechanical properties, and exceptional char yield of Poly(Bz-FA-HA) are shown to be promising as the matrix for fiber reinforced composites.

ABSTRACT
A novel benzoxazine made from furfurylamine, paraformaldehyde, and piceol, Bz-FA-HA, is assessed for applications in fiber reinforced (FR) composites. Piceol is a biobased phenolic compound derived from the roots of Norwegian spruce trees and contains a methyl ketone group at the para position. Bz-FA-HA is a liquid at room temperature, has a viscosity of < 0.5 Pa.s at 100°C, and a T
onset of cure at 132°C. The carbonyl is found to react with the furan ring, yielding a crosslinking reaction when cured above 180°C as indicated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Poly(Bz-FA-HA) has a T
g > 350°C, attributed to the crosslinking reaction. Furthermore, the storage modulus is > 3 GPa, regardless of cure temperature. Poly(Bz-FA-HA) has a char yield at 800°C of 65.0% (62.3% at 1000°C), and a T
onset of decomposition of 357°C in nitrogen. The resulting carbon formed during pyrolysis shrinks during the carbonization reaction and scanning electron microscopy imaging shows a cross-section with micro cracks. The processability, advanced mechanical properties, and exceptional char yield make it a promising candidate as the matrix for FR composites.