Fecha de publicación: -- Fuente: PubMed "industrial biotechnology" J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2026 Nov 9:S1684-1182(26)00143-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2026.11.001. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWe conducted a narrative review of the literature on Nipah virus (NiV) in Asia indexed in PubMed through August 31, 2026. NiV is a highly pathogenic zoonotic paramyxovirus with pandemic potential, causing recurrent outbreaks in South and Southeast Asia since 1998, with reported case-fatality rates of approximately 40-75%. Recent outbreaks in Bangladesh and India between January 2025 and June 2026 underscore the continued public health threat posed by this emerging pathogen. Two genetically and epidemiologically distinct strains exist: NiV-Malaysia (NiV-M) and NiV-Bangladesh (NiV-B). Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic infection to rapidly progressive encephalitis, sometimes accompanied by areflexia, segmental myoclonus, and brainstem dysfunction. Respiratory involvement, including acute respiratory distress syndrome, has been prominent in NiV-B outbreaks. Diagnosis relies on reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and serological testing; magnetic resonance imaging may reveal multiple brain lesions, predominantly involving the subcortical white matter. No licensed vaccines or specific antivirals exist. Treatment remains supportive. In vitro findings and studies in animal models have identified potential therapeutic candidates, including the monoclonal antibody m102.4 and remdesivir. However, evidence of efficacy in non-human primates does not establish clinical benefit in humans, and the effectiveness of these interventions in patients remains uncertain. Prevention strategies focus on reducing bat-human contact, behavior change interventions, and strict infection control in healthcare settings. The absence of licensed medical countermeasures and the potential for pandemic spread necessitate urgent acceleration of vaccine and antiviral programs alongside strengthened One Health approaches to prevent spillover events.PMID:43003716 | DOI:10.1016/j.jmii.2026.11.001