Fecha de publicación: -- Fuente: PubMed "plant biotechnology" Obes Rev. 2026 Nov 9:e70249. doi: 10.1111/obr.70249. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVES: Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) frequently coexist as diabesity, a condition marked by chronic low-grade inflammation. This systematic review and meta-analysis compared the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and plant-based diets (PBD) on anthropometric, metabolic, and inflammatory outcomes in adults with obesity and/or T2DM.MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and SciELO were searched to June 2025 for randomized controlled trials. The minimum intervention duration of 8 weeks applied exclusively to the meta-analysis, whereas shorter trials could be included in the qualitative synthesis. Study quality was assessed with the Downs & Black scale and certainty of evidence with GRADE. Random-effects meta-analyses estimated mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals.RESULTS: No dietary pattern significantly reduced body weight or BMI compared with control diets, and DASH trials could not be included in the quantitative synthesis. PBD significantly lowered fasting blood glucose (MD 4.34 mg·dL-1; 95% CI 1.29-7.38), whereas differences in HbA1c and total cholesterol were not significant. Within-group analyses, reported descriptively, showed reductions from baseline in both arms, and inflammatory markers declined in some studies. Most studies were of fair-to-poor quality; comparisons among diets are indirect, and certainty of evidence was low to very low.CONCLUSION: The MedDiet and PBD may support the management of obesity and/or T2DM, although current evidence does not establish the superiority of any single pattern. Future trials should address long-term adherence, mechanisms, and head-to-head comparisons.PMID:43001001 | DOI:10.1111/obr.70249