There is provided a technique of classifying medical plant and/or mushroom extracts. The technique comprises: for a sample of a medical plant and/or mushroom extract to be classified, obtaining results of a set of bioassays informative of modulating properties of the sample, thereby generating a bioassay data informative of values of attributes related to the modulating properties; applying to the bioassay data a trained machine learning model (MLM) to classify the sample into a class of one or more predefined classes, wherein the MLM is trained to classify samples into the one or more predefined classes in accordance with bioassay data thereof, the training provided with the help of a training set comprising a plurality of training samples, each characterized by a respective bioassay data and a class associated with the sample. The technique is applicable, for example, for standardization of the extracts in accordance with the intended medical use.