This individual identification device is provided with: a receiving device (11) which detects a signal that indicates electromagnetic properties from a targeted device (20), and extracts and outputs an electromagnetic characteristic signal that indicates individual characteristics of the targeted device (20) from the detected signal; a characteristic measurement device (12) where the electromagnetic characteristic signal from the receiving device (11) is inputted and which, on the basis of the electromagnetic characteristic signal inputted from the receiving device (11), outputs individual characteristic data indicating individual characteristics of the targeted device (20); a storage device (14) which stores individual characteristic data indicating the electromagnetic individual characteristic of an original target device (30); and a comparison and identification device (15) which compares the individual characteristic data from the characteristic measurement device (12) and the individual characteristic data stored in the storage device (14) and identifies the individual targeted device (20).