Fuente: WIPO "essential oil or extracts" The present invention relates to a composition for preventing and treating gastrointestinal diseases by using Litsea japonica, and specifically, to a composition for preventing and treating gastrointestinal diseases, containing essential oils extracted from Litsea japonica fruit as an active ingredient. According to the present invention, the essential oils extracted from Litsea japonica fruits (pure fruit, seed fruit, and seeds) and used as the active ingredient of the composition for preventing and treating gastrointestinal diseases have been confirmed to have excellent effects in an efficacy evaluation for relieving gastrointestinal diseases caused by Helicobacter pylori, which is a gastrointestinal disease factor, physical factors induced by stress, and chemical factors induced by indomethacin. Therefore, the essential oils extracted from Litsea japonica fruit (pure fruit, seed fruit, and seeds) are useful for preventing and treating gastrointestinal diseases caused by various factors.