(Hyper)bioaccumulation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the flowers and pollen of wild plants: a potential pollinator exposure pathway

Fecha de publicación: --
Fuente: PubMed "pollination"
Chemosphere. 2026 Sep 22;412:145104. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2026.145104. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPollinator decline is a well-documented global trend that threatens the stability of both natural and agricultural systems, prompting further investigation into its causes. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are globally detected contaminants known to be toxic to animals, including pollinators, and accumulate in plant tissues from contaminated media. The partitioning of PFAS to flowers and pollen is a major gap in our understanding of the chemicals' fate in terrestrial systems. Thus, we conducted a preliminary survey examining the concentrations of PFAS in the soil, leaves, pollen, and flowers of plant species growing in a forest with known direct contamination. We use the bioconcentration factor (BCF) to report here the bioaccumulation (BCF > 1) or hyperaccumulation (BCF > 10) of multiple PFAS species in flowers and pollen, with BCF ranging from 0 to 2420. At least one PFAS compound was detected in the flower or pollen tissue of every species examined. Comparison of flower or pollen BCF to leaf BCF demonstrated that these tissues meet or exceed leaf BCF for some compounds. Among the plant species sampled are those that are entomophilous, including species of huckleberry (Gaylussacia bacatta) and blueberry (Vaccinium pallidum), which have cultural and economic importance in many regions. Although direct exposure is not shown here, the results of this study suggest that pollinators may be exposed to PFAS through interactions with flowers and/or pollen. Given that this study is a survey with limited replication which can only suggest qualitative trends, we strongly suggest following this research with controlled replication studies examining fewer species.PMID:42785190 | DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2026.145104