Fecha de publicación: 19/11/2024 Fuente: Microorganisms - Revista científica (MDPI) Microorganisms, Vol. 12, Pages 2358: A Modified Novel Validated High-Throughput Hemagglutinin Inhibition Assay Using Recombinant Virus-like Particles and Human Red Blood Cells for the Objective Evaluation of Recombinant Hemagglutinin Nanoparticle Seasonal Influenza Vaccine
Microorganisms doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12112358
Authors:
Timothy S. Vincent
Mingzhu Zhu
Anand Parekh
Urvashi Patel
Shane Cloney-Clark
Andrew Klindworth
David Silva
Andrew Gorinson
Karlee Miranda
Mi Wang
Zachary Longacre
Bin Zhou
Iksung Cho
Rongman Cai
Raj Kalkeri
Louis Fries
Vivek Shinde
Joyce S. Plested

Currently available seasonal influenza vaccines confer variable protection due to antigenic changes resulting from the accumulation of diverse mutations. The analysis of new seasonal influenza vaccines is challenging in part due to the limitations of the traditional hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay with A/H3N2 strains. An improved and objective novel HAI assay was developed with recombinant virus-like particles (VLPs) and an egg-derived virus as agglutinins, the oseltamivir treatment of VLPs, human red blood cells, and using an automated image reader-based analysis of hemagglutination. HAI validation was demonstrated using four VLPs and egg-derived strains, with 46–56 serum samples tested 12 times in duplicate per strain. The validated HAI assay was precise as indicated by the percent geometric coefficient of variation for intra-, inter-, and total assay precision, as well as accurate as evidenced by percent bias measurements. The assay exhibited linearity, specificity for homologous type/subtype strains, and sensitivity with a starting dilution of 1:10. Assay robustness and sample stability were demonstrated as a percentage difference compared to reference condition. Validated HAI results were equivalent for the single and duplicate sample testing and correlated well with a qualified live wild-type influenza microneutralization assay. These findings demonstrate the suitability of this high-throughput novel modified validated HAI assay for evaluating vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy.